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Varying degrees of academic freedom

Context and motive are key to concerns about limits on freedom within and without the academy

Published on
April 9, 2015
Last updated
June 10, 2015

鈥淚s it legitimate to compromise on academic freedom abroad?鈥 , William T. Comfort III professor of law at the New York University School of Law on the PrawfsBlawg blog.

His post discusses whether academic institutions or individuals should 鈥渃ompromise academic freedom to gain access to a population otherwise controlled by an authoritarian regime鈥, and references Andrew Ross, an NYU sociologist who was barred from entering the United Arab Emirates, reportedly because he had criticised its exploitation of migrant workers.

鈥淚n my own view,鈥 Professor Hills writes, 鈥渢he question of whether or not to compromise on academic freedom for the sake of a physical presence in authoritarian turf does not have any categorically correct answer.鈥

It depends, he contends, on 鈥渨hat one must give up and what one gains鈥, adding that he would be happy enough if his university was to accept what he calls an 鈥渋nside-outside鈥 deal from the Chinese Communist Party in Shanghai to allow faculty and students to teach and learn whatever they pleased while inside the classroom, but not 鈥渓obby, kibitz, incite, persuade, organize, or otherwise participate in local politics outside on the street or in cyberspace鈥.

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He makes it clear that he does not know whether NYU struck any such a deal in establishing its Shanghai base, but says that if it did, it could potentially 鈥渆nlarge the total amount of freedom鈥.

If his university is able to offer Chinese nationals 鈥渁 freer education鈥 than they would have at a Chinese university, then any 鈥渞igid refusal鈥 to compromise in order to establish a campus there would leave those students less free, he reasons.

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Academic freedom in a post on the 鈥渟ocial politics and stuff鈥 blog by Davina Cooper, professor of law and political theory at Kent Law School, part of the University of Kent. It was written after the institution held a symposium on academic freedom to mark the centenary of the American Association of University Professors鈥 1915 Declaration of Principles on Academic Freedom last month.

She describes 鈥渁 panoply of dramas for academic freedom advocates鈥, including 鈥渦niversity staff dismissed or suspended for unacceptable speech鈥 and 鈥渟peakers who remain un-invited or find invitations withdrawn thanks to 鈥榥o-platform鈥 university policies鈥.

鈥淢uch debate on academic freedom treats the classroom and academic world as a public domain, where reasons for supporting speech lie in advancing knowledge, civilisation and democracy,鈥 she writes. 鈥淏ut should public speech be the premier site of freedom? Does it depend on why we want speech to be free?鈥

One reason the blog gives for public speech often being privileged is 鈥渁n expressive one: regardless of what speech does, we should be entitled to say it鈥.

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鈥淪o free speech鈥s at issue when it comes to the 鈥榬ight鈥 to mock disabled people,鈥 she contends. 鈥淔ar less frequently is it urged when it comes to companies using their proprietary rights to stop employees disclosing stuff about their workplace and what it is they do.

鈥淲e鈥檝e got privacy here the wrong way around. Instead of challenging those speech acts that are propertied and so taken out of the public domain, free speech advocates focus on the public right to injurious speech towards already unjustly treated people.鈥

Chris Parr


Send links to topical, insightful and quirky online comment by and about academics to chris.parr@tesglobal.com

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