REF 2021: Social sciences on the up as arts and humanities shrink
Main panel C records biggest increase in number of submissions and participating staff

Main panel C records biggest increase in number of submissions and participating staff

Four in five outputs judged to be either ‘world-leading’ or ‘internationally excellent’

Although major players still dominate on research power, some large – and small – regional institutions have made their mark

The latest iteration of the UK’s national research audit has fulfilled its aim to identify research quality across the whole system, says David Sweeney

Greater weighting helps medical institutions in particular improve overall positions
Newcastle University leads English language and literature subject table based on GPA
Kent, Leicester and University of East Anglia lead the quality rankings in history as Oxford and Cambridge exit top 10
King's College London tops rankings alongside the University of Manchester, while Warwick, Durham and Exeter excel
The University of Birmingham tops the ranking, with the universities of York and Kent climbing several places
University of Aberdeen tops table when ordered by GPA
The University of Oxford came top with Birkbeck also moving up the rankings
Queen Mary University of London tops ranking, with Royal Holloway and the University of Manchester joint second
LSE finishes on top again as Cardiff and Leicester repeat strong performances
Imperial College London on top for key Research Excellence Framework performance metric focused on quality
Medicine-focused institutions perform strongly on metric given weighting in latest round of Research Excellence Framework